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When AI joins forces with scientific research

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By Yu Sinan, People’s Daily

How powerful is the energy generated when artificial intelligence (AI) collides with scientific research? Recently, the 2024 Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry were awarded to scientists in AI-related fields, which highlighted AI’s increasingly significant role in scientific research.

Turing Award winner and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yao Qizhi believes that the future development of AI science will follow two major trends: advancing from narrow AI toward general AI, and enabling interdisciplinary synergies. New technologies and applications, such as embodied AI, AI-driven biomimicry, and AI combined with quantum science, are expected to emerge in abundance.

In recent years, Chinese scientists have been exploring “AI-driven scientific research” across multiple fields, using AI technologies to shorten R&D cycles and reduce costs, accelerating the integration of AI with scientific research.

Electrolytes, often referred to as the “lifeblood” of batteries, are crucial to the development of next-generation batteries. However, the vast molecular combinations of electrolyte materials make it inefficient to screen each one individually.

To address this situation, professor Zhang Qiang and associate researcher Chen Xiang with the Department of Chemical Engineering at Tsinghua University worked together and led their team to propose a novel “AI-designed lithium-ion battery electrolyte” approach, achieving efficient design and development of advanced electrolytes.

The team developed high-throughput computational methods and software for electrolytes, creating a leading database covering over 250,000 electrolyte molecular structures. It developed a domain-knowledge-embedded large model and software platform for electrolytes, enabling rapid property predictions and precise, targeted design within a molecular space of hundreds of millions. According to Chen, these tools allow researchers to design the most suitable electrolytes based on user requirements.

The deep integration of AI with scientific research is not only elevating the application of AI but also driving a shift in scientific research from an experience-led to a data-driven paradigm.

Li Huihui, a researcher with the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and deputy director of the CAAS National Nanfan Research Institute, has witnessed the transformative impact of AI technologies firsthand.

“Conventional breeding methods rely heavily on experience. They are time-consuming, and have low efficiency when it comes to improving traits that are highly influenced by environmental factors. With AI algorithms, researchers can rapidly predict field performance of crops before breeders conduct field trials, which significantly shortens breeding cycles,” Li explained.

Globally, around 1,750 plant germplasm banks hold over 7 million germplasm resources. Due to limitations in analytical tools, many valuable genetic resources remain underutilized.

“AI-assisted genomic selection can analyze millions of genotypes within weeks, greatly enhancing the efficiency and precision of the breeding process and presenting vast application potential,” Li added.

In recent years, the CAAS has accelerated innovation through the integration of agricultural science and AI technologies, forming interdisciplinary teams in areas such as biological breeding and intelligent agricultural machinery.

Today, Li is leading a team dedicated to developing AI tools like deep learning-based genomic selection models and a whole-process smart breeding platform to enhance the breeding efficiency of staple crops like rice, corn, and wheat.

Currently, in fields like materials research, life sciences, pharmaceutical development, semiconductors, and environmental science, scientists are exploring the use of AI to shorten R&D cycles and reduce costs.

The integration of AI with scientific research relies heavily on technical support platforms. Yang Xiaokang, executive vice dean and professor of the Artificial Intelligence Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, explained that to enable more faculty members to use AI in research, the university partnered with Baidu AI Cloud to create an AI-driven scientific research platform. With the computational power, large model development tools, and other resources provided by Baidu AI Cloud, researchers have achieved a series of breakthroughs across fields such as chemical synthesis, fluid dynamics, urban science, and law.

Take the design of small molecules to combat HIV as an example. Jin Yaohui, chief engineer of the Artificial IntelligenceInstitute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, explained that previously, screening lead compounds took two to three years. With the AI-driven research platform, researchers are able to generate over 250,000 new molecules in less than two minutes and further narrowed down 172 potentially effective molecules within 30 minutes, which greatly enhances the iteration efficiency of molecular design.

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Trump begins mass layoffs at Voice of America

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The Trump administration has initiated sweeping layoffs at Voice of America (VOA) and other U.S.-funded international broadcasters, effectively dismantling institutions long seen as critical for American influence abroad.

 

On Sunday, contractors working for VOA received an email notification that their employment would be terminated by the end of March. “You must cease all work immediately and are not permitted to access any agency buildings or systems,” the email read, according to multiple staff members who confirmed the development.

 

The move, which comes just a day after all employees were placed on administrative leave, disproportionately affects non-English-language services, where contractors make up a significant portion of the workforce. Many of these contractors are not U.S. citizens and may now face visa issues, further complicating their status in the country.

 

While most full-time staff remain employed for now, they have been told not to work, leaving VOA and its sister organizations in a state of uncertainty. Some services, unable to produce new programming, have resorted to playing music.

 

VOA, founded during World War II, has been a critical tool for U.S. public diplomacy, broadcasting in 49 languages to audiences in countries where press freedom is restricted. However, President Trump signed an executive order on Friday targeting its parent organization, the U.S. Agency for Global Media (USAGM), as part of broader federal budget cuts.

 

The cuts extend beyond VOA, affecting other U.S.-funded media entities such as Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Radio Free Asia, Radio Farda (which broadcasts in Persian to Iran), and Alhurra, an Arabic-language network launched after the 2003 Iraq invasion. The administration argues that taxpayers should not fund what it calls “radical propaganda,” despite VOA’s longstanding editorial independence.

 

Liam Scott, a VOA journalist covering press freedom and disinformation, expressed concern over the decision. “I’ve covered press freedom for a long time, and I’ve never seen something like what’s happened in the U.S. over the past couple of months,” he wrote on social media.

 

The move has drawn international attention, particularly from China and Russia, which have been expanding their own state-funded media efforts. The Chinese state-run *Global Times* reacted with an editorial declaring that “the monopoly of information held by traditional Western media is being shattered.”

 

Trump’s administration has pursued aggressive cuts across federal agencies, including eliminating most foreign aid and significantly reducing the Department of Education. With input from tech billionaire Elon Musk, Trump has focused on reducing government size to facilitate tax cuts.

 

As the global media landscape shifts, the dismantling of U.S.-funded broadcasters leaves a vacuum that could be filled by rival state-controlled networks. Whether Congress or legal challenges will intervene remains to be seen, but for now, the future of America’s international broadcasting efforts hangs in the balance.

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Judge blocks Trump from deporting non-citizens using wartime law

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A federal judge has temporarily halted the Trump administration’s attempt to deport migrants allegedly linked to the Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragua under a wartime law.

US District Judge James Boasberg issued a restraining order preventing the administration from using the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to expel undocumented migrants accused of gang ties. The order initially protected five individuals challenging the deportation but was later expanded to all affected noncitizens in US custody.

Boasberg also directed that any planes carrying these migrants be returned to the United States. “Any plane containing these folks that is going to take off or is in the air needs to be returned,” he ruled. The restraining order will remain in effect for 14 days or until further court action.

The Trump administration invoked the Alien Enemies Act, citing Tren de Aragua as a terrorist organization that has “unlawfully infiltrated the United States” and is engaging in hostile actions. However, civil rights groups, including the ACLU, argue that the gang’s activities do not meet the legal definition of an invasion.

The Justice Department has appealed the ruling, while the case continues in court.

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China’s new chapter in global innovation

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By Gu Yekai, Liu Yiqing, People’s Daily

At a smart construction project site managed by China State Construction Engineering Corporation, a quiet technological revolution is underway. Amid cranes and concrete, engineers are deploying advanced artificial intelligence (AI) systems that could fundamentally reshape the construction industry.

Li Fengjian, an AI specialistwith Xianyuan Technology, detailed how the company’s latest intelligent system – built on a large model – adapts to complex construction environments.”Engineering machinery equipped with intelligent agents can adjust its operations automatically in response to weather conditions,” Li explained, adding that a spatiotemporal sensing network further enhances the system, providing real-time tracking of both personnel and materials throughout the construction site.

In February this year, Xianyuan Technology rapidly integrated its self-developed model with DeepSeek-R1, effectively blending a general-purpose framework with industry-specific models. This integration, Li noted, has produced a solution capable of delivering expert-level performance in challenging, dynamic environments. The firm is based in the Shanghai Foundation Model Innovation Center, aburgeoning AI incubator that now hosts over 200 innovative enterprises.

China’s technological transformation extends well beyond the construction sector. Overthe past three decades, the country has evolved from its initial forays into internet connectivity to becoming a key player in global digital innovation.

Here, a steady stream of technological innovations are emerging, from the early days of emails and web browsing to the cutting-edge technologies represented by DeepSeek and the dynamic evolution of social media.

Wu Jianping, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and headof the Zhongguancun Laboratory, pointed out that while China had introduced only one internet standard before 2005, it now contributes to over 200 worldwide. Such strides illustrate the country’s concerted push toward high-level technological self-reliance – a journey marked by both persistence and determination.

Beyond the digital realm, China is makingsignificant inroads in aerospace, new energy, and other high-tech sectors. It has transitioned from being a follower to standing shoulder-to-shoulder with global leaders, and in some areas, even taking the lead. Wu attributed these achievements to a dynamic ecosystem of policy reforms and talent cultivation that encourages creativity and technical expertise at every level.

Amid intensifying international competition, collaborative research and the integration of new technologies with traditional industries are central to China’s high-quality economic development.

Mei Linhai, a researcher at China’s State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence, remarked that the age of AI calls for continuous exploration. “In this era, everyone is an innovator. Only by persistently pushing the boundaries can we remain at the forefront of both technological and industrial development,” Mei observed.

In the field of general-purpose AI, Mei emphasized that independent innovation is paramount. He advocates for a self-driven industrial ecosystem that leveragesbreakthrough technologies to boost productivity and unlock new possibilities, Mei said.

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