Foreign
China develops debut economy to expand high-quality supply

By Wang Ke, People’s Daily
A toy brand recently opened its first store in central China at the Grandjoy mall in Changsha, capital city of Hunan province. Over 3,000 debut products were launched, featuring more than 100 popular IPs, and many were highly sought after by young consumers and sold out on the first day. The store reported a sales revenue of 170,000 yuan ($23,942) on its opening day.
The store manager said that there will be a continuous introduction of new products and fresh experiences for consumers in the future.
This buzz and excitement that comes with the launch of something new is exactly what defines debut economy. In recent years, the Chinese debut economy has seen steady development. In 2023, hundreds or even thousands of first stores were opened in cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu and Xi’an.
Debut economy covers everything from the first reveal of a product, the opening of flagship stores, and the launch of new services, to the creation of new business models and technologies. It encompasses the entire process of a company’s development, starting from launching and exhibiting debut products and services to setting up the first physical stores, R&D centers, and corporate headquarters.
“Debut economy is inherently innovative,” said Hong Yong, associate researcher with the e-commerce research department, Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation.
“Debut” is what makes debut economy so important, Hong explained, adding that the new products, technologies, services, business forms, and business models introduced to the market are fashionable, reliable and trendy.
At major exhibitions, launch events are a big attraction to visitors. For instance, a total of 442 new products, technologies, and services were launched at the sixth China International Import Expo (CIIE) held last year.
Many regions in China are developing debut economy and have introduced a series of measures. By the end of last year, more than 40 policies and measures encouraging businesses to set up first regional stores had been issued across the country.
According to statistics, in the first half of this year, 485 first stores were opened in Beijing, including the first outlets of various brands, flagship stores and innovative concept stores.
Last year, Shanghai saw the opening of 1,215 first stores, a year-on-year increase of 13.2 percent. From May 2018 to December 2023, over 4,500 international and Chinese brands held launch events in Shanghai, introducing 5,840 first stores, including more than 80 Asian and global first stores.
“I finally got the shoes I’ve been longing for. I’m really excited,” said Wang Yue, a consumer from Beijing.
Before the Qixi Festival, or Chinese Valentine’s Day, this year, Wang spotted a pair of limited edition canvas shoes from a popular Chinese fashion brand on China’s trendy e-commerce App Dewu and made a reservation for the shoes’ launch. The product was sold out in just two minutes after it was released.
“In today’s consumer market, launch events have become an important focal point in consumers’ decision-making process,” said an executive with Dewu App. He explained that personalized, diversified, and experiential demands are becoming increasingly prevalent in the evolving consumer market. The desire for novelty has become a typical mindset, especially among young consumers, the executive added.
Developing debut economy is in line with the upgrading of the Chinese consumer market and holds immense prospects. From a macro perspective, the huge Chinese consumer market boasts enormous potential, which features lower costs, accelerate iteration, and innovate scenarios, thereby allowing new products to be massively manufactured, and providing fertile ground for the development of debut economy.
From an industry perspective, debut economy promotes industrial upgrading and supply-side innovation. For example, a clothes wholesale market in Guangzhou, capital city of south China’s Guangdong province, has set up a specialized sector and introduced over 100 top designer brands to transform business models and enhance its market influence. More and more traditional wholesale markets in China are seeking to expand their online and offline presence by introducing new brands and products.
The rapid development of debut economy has provided greater market opportunities for global brands.
For instance, the Universal Beijing Resort rapidly emerged as a popular tourist attraction since the opening of its first phase. Last year, the resort received approximately 9.88 million visitors, attracting around 16 million people to the surrounding commercial areas.
This year, a number of Chinese and international first-tier brands have launched their first stores and debuted their products in Shanghai’s Nanjing West Road commercial zone. Birkenstock held its 250th anniversary celebration in Shanghai’s ZhangYuan, or Zhang’s Garden, introducing its 1774 high-end series to China for the first time. At the Shanghai International Cosmetic Festival, seven major beauty conglomerates including L’Oréal, Estée Lauder, and Sisley launched new beauty products.
Zou Yunhan, deputy head of the macroeconomic research office of the Department of Economic Forecasting, China’s State Information Center, said that debut economy can lead to the accumulation of advantageous resources on the supply side, bringing together advantages in production, R&D, and sales.
Developing debut economy not only helps upgrade the consumption side but also drives the transformation and upgrading of the production side, Zou added.
Foreign
Trump begins mass layoffs at Voice of America

The Trump administration has initiated sweeping layoffs at Voice of America (VOA) and other U.S.-funded international broadcasters, effectively dismantling institutions long seen as critical for American influence abroad.
On Sunday, contractors working for VOA received an email notification that their employment would be terminated by the end of March. “You must cease all work immediately and are not permitted to access any agency buildings or systems,” the email read, according to multiple staff members who confirmed the development.
The move, which comes just a day after all employees were placed on administrative leave, disproportionately affects non-English-language services, where contractors make up a significant portion of the workforce. Many of these contractors are not U.S. citizens and may now face visa issues, further complicating their status in the country.
While most full-time staff remain employed for now, they have been told not to work, leaving VOA and its sister organizations in a state of uncertainty. Some services, unable to produce new programming, have resorted to playing music.
VOA, founded during World War II, has been a critical tool for U.S. public diplomacy, broadcasting in 49 languages to audiences in countries where press freedom is restricted. However, President Trump signed an executive order on Friday targeting its parent organization, the U.S. Agency for Global Media (USAGM), as part of broader federal budget cuts.
The cuts extend beyond VOA, affecting other U.S.-funded media entities such as Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Radio Free Asia, Radio Farda (which broadcasts in Persian to Iran), and Alhurra, an Arabic-language network launched after the 2003 Iraq invasion. The administration argues that taxpayers should not fund what it calls “radical propaganda,” despite VOA’s longstanding editorial independence.
Liam Scott, a VOA journalist covering press freedom and disinformation, expressed concern over the decision. “I’ve covered press freedom for a long time, and I’ve never seen something like what’s happened in the U.S. over the past couple of months,” he wrote on social media.
The move has drawn international attention, particularly from China and Russia, which have been expanding their own state-funded media efforts. The Chinese state-run *Global Times* reacted with an editorial declaring that “the monopoly of information held by traditional Western media is being shattered.”
Trump’s administration has pursued aggressive cuts across federal agencies, including eliminating most foreign aid and significantly reducing the Department of Education. With input from tech billionaire Elon Musk, Trump has focused on reducing government size to facilitate tax cuts.
As the global media landscape shifts, the dismantling of U.S.-funded broadcasters leaves a vacuum that could be filled by rival state-controlled networks. Whether Congress or legal challenges will intervene remains to be seen, but for now, the future of America’s international broadcasting efforts hangs in the balance.
Foreign
Judge blocks Trump from deporting non-citizens using wartime law

A federal judge has temporarily halted the Trump administration’s attempt to deport migrants allegedly linked to the Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragua under a wartime law.
US District Judge James Boasberg issued a restraining order preventing the administration from using the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to expel undocumented migrants accused of gang ties. The order initially protected five individuals challenging the deportation but was later expanded to all affected noncitizens in US custody.
Boasberg also directed that any planes carrying these migrants be returned to the United States. “Any plane containing these folks that is going to take off or is in the air needs to be returned,” he ruled. The restraining order will remain in effect for 14 days or until further court action.
The Trump administration invoked the Alien Enemies Act, citing Tren de Aragua as a terrorist organization that has “unlawfully infiltrated the United States” and is engaging in hostile actions. However, civil rights groups, including the ACLU, argue that the gang’s activities do not meet the legal definition of an invasion.
The Justice Department has appealed the ruling, while the case continues in court.
Foreign
China’s new chapter in global innovation

By Gu Yekai, Liu Yiqing, People’s Daily
At a smart construction project site managed by China State Construction Engineering Corporation, a quiet technological revolution is underway. Amid cranes and concrete, engineers are deploying advanced artificial intelligence (AI) systems that could fundamentally reshape the construction industry.
Li Fengjian, an AI specialistwith Xianyuan Technology, detailed how the company’s latest intelligent system – built on a large model – adapts to complex construction environments.”Engineering machinery equipped with intelligent agents can adjust its operations automatically in response to weather conditions,” Li explained, adding that a spatiotemporal sensing network further enhances the system, providing real-time tracking of both personnel and materials throughout the construction site.
In February this year, Xianyuan Technology rapidly integrated its self-developed model with DeepSeek-R1, effectively blending a general-purpose framework with industry-specific models. This integration, Li noted, has produced a solution capable of delivering expert-level performance in challenging, dynamic environments. The firm is based in the Shanghai Foundation Model Innovation Center, aburgeoning AI incubator that now hosts over 200 innovative enterprises.
China’s technological transformation extends well beyond the construction sector. Overthe past three decades, the country has evolved from its initial forays into internet connectivity to becoming a key player in global digital innovation.
Here, a steady stream of technological innovations are emerging, from the early days of emails and web browsing to the cutting-edge technologies represented by DeepSeek and the dynamic evolution of social media.
Wu Jianping, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and headof the Zhongguancun Laboratory, pointed out that while China had introduced only one internet standard before 2005, it now contributes to over 200 worldwide. Such strides illustrate the country’s concerted push toward high-level technological self-reliance – a journey marked by both persistence and determination.
Beyond the digital realm, China is makingsignificant inroads in aerospace, new energy, and other high-tech sectors. It has transitioned from being a follower to standing shoulder-to-shoulder with global leaders, and in some areas, even taking the lead. Wu attributed these achievements to a dynamic ecosystem of policy reforms and talent cultivation that encourages creativity and technical expertise at every level.
Amid intensifying international competition, collaborative research and the integration of new technologies with traditional industries are central to China’s high-quality economic development.
Mei Linhai, a researcher at China’s State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence, remarked that the age of AI calls for continuous exploration. “In this era, everyone is an innovator. Only by persistently pushing the boundaries can we remain at the forefront of both technological and industrial development,” Mei observed.
In the field of general-purpose AI, Mei emphasized that independent innovation is paramount. He advocates for a self-driven industrial ecosystem that leveragesbreakthrough technologies to boost productivity and unlock new possibilities, Mei said.
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