Foreign
New kinetic energy of China’s economic development gains momentum

The new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development in 2020 surged 35.3 percent to 440.3, said China’s National Bureau of Statistics (NBS).
The new kinetic energy index, a statistical indicator system with new industries, new business formats and new business models as the main contents, is used to reflect the development trend and process of new economic momentum.
It is subdivided into network economy index, economic vitality index, innovation driven index, knowledge capability index, as well as transformation and upgrading index.
In 2020, the new kinetic energy index of China’s economic development achieved rapid increase despite the shattering blow of the COVID-19 epidemic, which mirrored the strong resilience and vitality of the Chinese economy and greatly supported China’s high-quality economic development, said Lyu Haiqi, head of the statistical research institute under the NBS.
Based on the new situation and characteristics of new industries, new business formats and new business models, the statistical index system of new kinetic energy was revised and improved this time. According to the revised index system, China’s new kinetic energy indexes of economic development from 2015 to 2020 (taking that of 2014 as 100) were 119.6, 146.9, 191.2, 257.9, 325.5 and 440.3, respectively, increasing 19.6, 22.8, 30.2, 34.9, 26.2, and 35.3 percent year on year.
In 2020, all sub-indexes of new kinetic energy increased compared with the previous year, among which the network economy index grew the fastest and contributed the most to the growth of the total index.
According to the NBS, the network economy index was 1,323.6, a year-on-year increase of 54.8 percent, contributing 81.7 percent to the overall index growth.
The number of Internet users continued to grow in China. As of the end of 2020, China had nearly 1.35 billion mobile Internet users, an increase of 2.3 percent from the previous year, and 480 million fixed broadband subscriptions, up 7.6 percent year on year.
Besides, China’s mobile Internet traffic reached 165.6 billion gigabytes, 1.36 times and 80.3 times that in 2019 and 2014, respectively.
As new business formats continuously emerged, telecommuting, telemedicine, contactless delivery, and other businesses are more widely seen across the country. In 2020, Chinese e-commerce platforms registered a turnover of 37.2 trillion yuan ($5.74 trillion), an increase of 4.5 percent from the previous year.
New types of consumption saw fast growth in China last year. The country’s online retail sales totaled 11.76 trillion yuan, up 10.9 percent year on year after deducting price factors. “New online retail formats have continuously taken shape and further expanded consumption scenarios as new consumption demands appeared amid epidemic prevention and control,” Lyu pointed out.
Last year, China’s R&D expenditure accounted for 2.4 percent of the country’s GDP, up 0.16 percentage points from the previous year. The number of patents granted among every 10,000 R&D personnel reached 4,639, a significant increase of 34.6 percent compared with that in 2019 and 2.1 times that of 2014.
Besides, the amount of deals concluded in the technology market reached 2.82 trillion yuan, an increase of 26.1 percent over the previous year, signaling rapid growth of the technology market.
The value added of new industries, new business formats and new business models made up about 17.08 percent of China’s GPD last year, said Long Haibo, a researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Council, adding that new kinetic energy of China’s economic development gained momentum.
Coordinating epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, China was the first country in the world to have resumed work and production and achieved positive economic growth, which is inseparable from the country’s implementation of its innovation-driven development strategy, Long said.
By promoting the resumption of work and production with digitization and intelligence, and making industries more digitalized and intelligent during the resumption of work and production, China is able to continuously optimize its economic structure, Long said.
Last year, China witnessed a rapid development of strategic emerging industries. The value added of the country’s strategic emerging industries accounted for 11.7 percent of its GDP, 0.2 percentage points higher than the previous year and 4.1 percentage points higher than that in 2014.
China has actively responded to the challenge brought by the epidemic, strengthened overall work planning, and introduced a series of policies and measures to support emerging industries, Lyu noted.
In particular, it has further implemented the strategy of innovative development of the industrial Internet, cultivated the integrated circuit and software industries, set up AI innovation and application pilot zones, and vigorously developed new energy vehicle industry, to promote the growth of new industries, Lyu said.
In 2020, the value added of China’s high-tech manufacturing industry increased by 7.1 percent year on year, 4.3 percentage points higher than the growth rate of the added value of industries above designated size. The proportion of the value added of high-tech manufacturing industry in that of industries above designated size rose 0.7 percentage points to 15.1 percent. The country’s high-tech manufacturing sector is becoming more clustered, informatized and intelligent
By Lu Yanan, People’s Daily
Foreign
China’s new chapter in global innovation

By Gu Yekai, Liu Yiqing, People’s Daily
At a smart construction project site managed by China State Construction Engineering Corporation, a quiet technological revolution is underway. Amid cranes and concrete, engineers are deploying advanced artificial intelligence (AI) systems that could fundamentally reshape the construction industry.
Li Fengjian, an AI specialistwith Xianyuan Technology, detailed how the company’s latest intelligent system – built on a large model – adapts to complex construction environments.”Engineering machinery equipped with intelligent agents can adjust its operations automatically in response to weather conditions,” Li explained, adding that a spatiotemporal sensing network further enhances the system, providing real-time tracking of both personnel and materials throughout the construction site.
In February this year, Xianyuan Technology rapidly integrated its self-developed model with DeepSeek-R1, effectively blending a general-purpose framework with industry-specific models. This integration, Li noted, has produced a solution capable of delivering expert-level performance in challenging, dynamic environments. The firm is based in the Shanghai Foundation Model Innovation Center, aburgeoning AI incubator that now hosts over 200 innovative enterprises.
China’s technological transformation extends well beyond the construction sector. Overthe past three decades, the country has evolved from its initial forays into internet connectivity to becoming a key player in global digital innovation.
Here, a steady stream of technological innovations are emerging, from the early days of emails and web browsing to the cutting-edge technologies represented by DeepSeek and the dynamic evolution of social media.
Wu Jianping, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering and headof the Zhongguancun Laboratory, pointed out that while China had introduced only one internet standard before 2005, it now contributes to over 200 worldwide. Such strides illustrate the country’s concerted push toward high-level technological self-reliance – a journey marked by both persistence and determination.
Beyond the digital realm, China is makingsignificant inroads in aerospace, new energy, and other high-tech sectors. It has transitioned from being a follower to standing shoulder-to-shoulder with global leaders, and in some areas, even taking the lead. Wu attributed these achievements to a dynamic ecosystem of policy reforms and talent cultivation that encourages creativity and technical expertise at every level.
Amid intensifying international competition, collaborative research and the integration of new technologies with traditional industries are central to China’s high-quality economic development.
Mei Linhai, a researcher at China’s State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence, remarked that the age of AI calls for continuous exploration. “In this era, everyone is an innovator. Only by persistently pushing the boundaries can we remain at the forefront of both technological and industrial development,” Mei observed.
In the field of general-purpose AI, Mei emphasized that independent innovation is paramount. He advocates for a self-driven industrial ecosystem that leveragesbreakthrough technologies to boost productivity and unlock new possibilities, Mei said.
Foreign
Chinese democracy in action:a village bench meeting shapes national law

By Wei Zhezhe, Liu Botong, People’s Daily
In a modest corner of Jiangmen, south China’s Guangdong province, residents of Weidong village are experiencing firsthand a form of democracy that starts at the grassroots level and reverberates all the way to Beijing.
Wu Tengxin, a local villager who relies on a scooter for daily mobility after contracting polio, recalls a time when the village’s public spaces were ill-equipped for people with disabilities. Now, thanks to a simple suggestion made during a meeting, his everyday life has changed.
In November 2022, a team from a local legislative outreach office – a branch of China’sNational People’s Congress (NPC) – visited Weidong village and set up a “bench-style meeting.” Residents, including the elderly and those with disabilities, gathered to voice their concerns about inadequate accessibility.
Amid the conversation, Wu offered a straightforward proposal: “I hope rural accessible facilities can be improved to make mobility easier for people with disabilities and the elderly.” His words were relayed verbatim to lawmakers.
The response was swift. On June 28, 2023, at the third session of the 14th NPC Standing Committee, legislators passed a law on building a barrier-free living environment. The law stipulates that improvements”shall align with social and economic development levels, coordinate urban and rural progress, and gradually narrow the gap in infrastructure between urban and rural areas.”
Today, Wu observes that the village’s main roads and public squares have been upgraded with accessibility features that make getting around considerably easier.
This episode illustrates what Chinese officials call “whole-process people’s democracy” – a system where citizen input is woven into every stage of policy development.
Jilie Ziri, head of Abuluoha village in Butuo county, southwest China’s Sichuan province, remarked that for young generations in China, democracy has become a lived experience. “Villagers are the masters of village affairs,” he said, emphasizing how active villager participation has injected new vitality into local governance.
Experts point to consultative democracy as a cornerstone of this process. Tao Kaiyuan, vice chairman of the Central Committee of the China Association for Promoting Democracy and vice president of the Supreme People’s Court, underscores the important role of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, whose members hail from every stratum of society and bring a wealth of expertise and connections.
Their regular forums, field research, and public consultations have created robust channels for citizens to contribute ideas and forge consensus.”This approach gathers collective wisdom and transforms public voices into policy,” Tao said.
Another crucial manifestation is the effectiveness of China’s political party system. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Chinese democratic parties actively fulfill their duties, offering recommendations that often translate into concrete policy decisions. This integrated approach demonstrates the unique strengths of China’s political system and the advantages of whole-process people’s democracy.
Tao emphasized that whole-process people’s democracyhas evolved into an efficient and dynamic democratic practice – one that not only reflects the essence of socialist democracy but also presents a pioneering model of political civilization, contributing Chinese wisdom and solutions to global governance and democratic development.
Foreign
Chinese modernization: blueprint for global progress

By He Yin, People’s Daily
At China’s recent annual “two sessions,” Chinese modernization once again captured global attention. International observers are closely following a range of new measures designed not only to accelerate Chinese domestic transformation but also to unlock fresh opportunities for global development.
They believe that Chinese modernization, built on a foundation of openness and cooperation, will continue to yield global benefits with each new milestone.
Today, China stands as a formidable force in the global economy – accounting for around 18 percent of the global economy and nearly 30 percent of world manufacturing output. Year after year, the nation has contributed about 30 percent to global economic growth. With import and export records with almost all countries and regions designated in the United Nations Statistics Division, the country is a major trading partner for more than 150 countries and regions. In 2024, its exports to over 160 countries and regions saw growth.
Often hailed as the “world’s largest developing country,”the “second-largest economy,””world’s factory,””global market,” and “innovation powerhouse,” China is increasingly viewed as a beacon of stability and progress.
In recent years, high-profile events such as the seventh China International Import Expo – where intended deals exceeded $80 billion – and the establishment of over 1.239 million foreign-invested enterprises have reinforced the nation’s reputation as a vast, dynamic market.
Meanwhile, policies encouraging Chinese companies to “go global” have seen a steady stream of new technologies, goods, and services permeate international markets, knitting the country ever tighter into global value chains and bolstering its commitment to win-win cooperation.
The influence of Chinese modernization is evident far beyond its borders. In the Central African Republic, President Faustin-Archange Touadera has repeatedly screened China’s political documentary Carry the Reform Through to the End for cabinet discussions, while officialsin Uzbekistan are adapting China’s poverty-reduction experience to suit their national context. These moves challenge the assumption that modernization must follow Western models, suggesting that China’s alternative pathway offers a viable route to development.
Beyond economic growth, Chinese modernization is increasingly celebrated for its potential to foster win-win cooperation and shared prosperity.
Under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), for example, Kazakhstan secured its first maritime access and Laos launched its first modern railway. Support from the Global Development and South-South Cooperation Fund has propelled over 160 projects, benefiting more than 30 million people. Moreover, China has given all the least developed countries with which it has diplomatic relations zero-tariff treatment for 100 percent tariff lines, signaling its commitment to an open and inclusive global economy.
China’s modernization agenda also tackles global challenges head on. In response to global environmental risks, China advocates for building a community of all life on the Earth. To bridge the digital and AI divide, it has launched the AI Capacity-Building Action Plan for Good and for All to ensure that technological advancements benefit every corner of the globe.
On the security front, China continues to promote dialogue and reconciliation in conflict zones while engaging in multilateral security collaborations, reinforcing its reputation as a nation committed to peace and stability.
By proposing initiatives such as the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilizations Initiative, China is not just charting its own course toward modernization but championing an equal and orderly multipolar world and a universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization – one that seeks to ensure that no nation is left behind on the path to prosperity.
The global appeal of Chinese modernization is far from accidental. Decades of reform and opening up have accelerated its development while enabling the country to contribute to global governance. On the international stage, it has taken on a leadership role – actively shaping global norms, building a community with a shared future for mankind, and advancing world peace and development. By sharing its successful experiences and technological advancements, the country seeks to help other developing countries chart their own courses toward progress.
With over 1.4 billion people engaged in this modernization journey – a number that surpasses the total population of all developed countries combined – China’s approach is redefining the global modernization landscape. For China, modernization is not solely a national endeavor but a blueprint for global progress – a vision that promises a more inclusive future for all.
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